N1094K

HISTORY OF FLIGHTOn July 1, 2019, about 2045 eastern daylight time, an experimental amateur-built Rans S12 airplane, N1094K, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident near Orleans, Indiana. The pilot was fatally injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight.

A Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector reported that the pilot had performed two or three landings before the accident flight. A camera located near the runway captured a segment of the accident flight showing the airplane spiraling downward and impacting the runway, followed by a postimpact fire.

After the accident, a neighbor who lived near the airstrip advised a family member of the pilot's that he heard the airplane fly over his barn on the night of the accident. He heard the motor "die," then walked out of the barn. The witness stated that the motor restarted and the airplane proceeded straight toward the runway. He then heard the crash and observed the fire. PERSONNEL INFORMATIONThe pilot had received flight training toward a sport pilot certificate and had received a flight instructor's endorsement on September 26, 2018, indicating a "solo check" in the accident airplane. AIRCRAFT INFORMATIONAccording to his wife, the pilot purchased the airplane from someone she thought was in Michigan. However, there was no FAA record of the purchase, and the listed prior owners were not able to be located.

According to the pilot's flight instructor, the airplane was not equipped with a stall warning indicator or an angle of attack indicator.

FAA Advisory Circular 90-109A, Transition to Unfamiliar Aircraft, in part, characterizes the Rans S12 as one of a group of low-inertia and/or high-drag airplanes, which "rapidly lose energy (airspeed and/or altitude) when there is a loss or reduction of power." These types of airplanes may also experience significant airspeed decay with increased load factor, such as during turns, making them "particularly susceptible to unintentional stalls," especially given their low cruise speed to stall speed margin. AIRPORT INFORMATIONAccording to his wife, the pilot purchased the airplane from someone she thought was in Michigan. However, there was no FAA record of the purchase, and the listed prior owners were not able to be located.

According to the pilot's flight instructor, the airplane was not equipped with a stall warning indicator or an angle of attack indicator.

FAA Advisory Circular 90-109A, Transition to Unfamiliar Aircraft, in part, characterizes the Rans S12 as one of a group of low-inertia and/or high-drag airplanes, which "rapidly lose energy (airspeed and/or altitude) when there is a loss or reduction of power." These types of airplanes may also experience significant airspeed decay with increased load factor, such as during turns, making them "particularly susceptible to unintentional stalls," especially given their low cruise speed to stall speed margin. WRECKAGE AND IMPACT INFORMATIONThe airplane came to rest on its nose oriented on a magnetic heading about 135° on the west edge of a north/south oriented private airstrip near its north end. Grass and corn near the airplane exhibited blight and charring consistent with a ground fire. The fabric wing skins and upper fuselage were consumed by fire. The engine and its propeller exhibited discoloration, deformation, and consumption consistent with fire damage. All separations exhibited appearances consistent with overload or deformation consistent with thermal damage. No preimpact structural anomalies were detected. Flight control continuity was traced from the cockpit area to the flight control surfaces. Bolts holding the propeller hub halves were in place and no visible cracking was observed on the hubs; however, due to thermal damage of the propeller blades, it could not be determined if the blades' collars had rotated between the hub halves. The engine could not be rotated by hand due to the thermal damage. MEDICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL INFORMATIONThe Lawrence County Forensic Services Center conducted an autopsy on the pilot. The cause of death was listed as head, chest, and abdominal injuries. No significant natural disease was identified.

Toxicology testing performed by the FAA Forensic Sciences Laboratory detected Amino-clonazepam, Sertraline, and Desmethylsertraline in blood and urine.

Sertraline is an antidepressant used to treat depression and anxiety disorders and is not known to be directly impairing. Desmethylsertraline is a metabolite of sertraline. Amino-clonazepam is a metabolite of clonazepam, which produces central nervous system depression. The parent compound, clonazepam, was not present.

According to medical records obtained from the pilot's family physician for the three years preceding the accident, the pilot had been treated with sertraline and clonazepam for an unspecified anxiety disorder for many years. He had no other significant medical conditions diagnosed.