N208WE

HISTORY OF FLIGHT

On March 28, 2006, about 1655 Pacific standard time, a Cessna 208B, N208WE, departed controlled flight and descended into mountainous terrain while maneuvering near Oak Glen, California. Cessna Aircraft Company was operating the airplane under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91. Both the commercial pilot and private pilot on board were killed. The airplane was destroyed. The cross-country business flight departed Jacqueline Cochran Regional Airport (TRM), Thermal, California, about 1635, with a planned destination of Ontario International Airport (ONT), Ontario, California. Instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) prevailed, and an instrument flight rules (IFR) flight plan had been filed; however, the flight plan had not been activated.

Cessna Aircraft Company owned and operated the accident airplane, which was being piloted by an independent regional aircraft sales distributor/pilot (RSD) and a Cessna Caravan Sales Manager/pilot (CSM). The CSM pilot, flying the accident airplane, departed Wichita, Kansas, on March 27, 2006. The purpose of the trip was to market the airplane to prospective customers. The CSM pilot flew the airplane to North Las Vegas, Nevada, where he met with the RSD pilot.

After staying overnight in North Las Vegas, both pilots flew to Kingman, Arizona, then on to Thermal (TRM). In the area of TRM, the two pilots conducted a demonstration flight for a prospective customer. The demonstration flight lasted about 1 hour. After the demonstration flight, and prior to departing TRM, the airplane was serviced with 100 gallons of Jet-A fuel. The CSM pilot requested and received an abbreviated weather briefing from the Riverside Flight Service Station, which included an airman's meteorological information notice (AIRMET) for occasional moderate rime ice. He then filed an IFR flight plan from TRM to ONT via Airway V388 through the 'DEWAY' intersection and to the Paradise (PDZ) VOR, with a planned en route altitude of 10,000 feet.

The CSM pilot listed himself as the pilot-in-command. Witnesses at TRM saw the CSM pilot get into the right front seat of the airplane and the RSD pilot seat himself in the left front seat. The airplane took off in visual meteorological conditions and subsequently received VFR (Visual Flight Rules) flight following. The filed IFR flight plan was not activated.

At 1636:03, the crew received a transponder code (4711) from the Palm Springs Approach Control, and one of the pilots replied by stating, "400 feet off of thermal, ah VFR through the pass and then it's gonna be, ah I'd like to pick up a IFR after the pass to Ontario."

At 1649:52, Palm Springs Approach Control handed the flight off to Southern California Terminal Radar Approach Control TRACON (SCT). During the handoff, the Palm Springs controller told the crew that SCT was aware of their request to pickup an IFR clearance to Ontario after the pass.

At 1651:50, just after passing the 'DEWAY' intersection, radar data shows the airplane at a point north of Banning Airport (BAN), Banning, California, approximately 7 nm east of the boundary line for the SCT class "E" airspace, and making a right turn on a west/northwest track heading toward the rising terrain of the San Bernardino mountain range.

At 1654:03, radar return data shows the airplane continuing a climb, crossing 7,900 feet mean sea level (msl) and beginning a more aggressive turn, to the right, toward rising terrain.

At 1653:44 and 1654:16, the crew makes two identical calls to SCT, "So Cal Approach caravan two zero eight whiskey echo." The radar return data shows the airplane at this point in a climb starting at 7,300 feet msl and still heading towards rising terrain.

At 1654:48, SCT gave the crew an altimeter setting "29.86" and asked them to ident. After the ident, the SCT controller said, "November two zero eight whiskey echo, you're turning north into higher terrain uh, you're radar contact ten miles uh, north of Banning, mode C indicates eight thousand five hundred, do you have uh the terrain in sight sir?"

The pilot did not answer the question, but instead, at 1655:03, the pilot replied, "Uh, eight whisky echo, we're uh, maneuvering away from the terrain right now."

At 1655:07, the controller said "Roger uh, continue on a southwesterly heading please, radar contact." There was no other communication heard from the mishap airplane.

At 1655:18, the controller noticed the flight had disappeared off ATC radar and made two calls to the mishap airplane stating that radar contact was lost. According to the ATC radar track, the last location of the airplane was approximately 1 nm south of the 8,900-foot San Bernardino mountain range.

At a point north of BAN, recorded radar data showed that the airplane made a right-hand turn toward rising terrain while continuing to climb to an approximate altitude of 8,800 feet msl. The last minute of radar data showed the airplane at mode C reported altitudes of 8,000 feet msl at 1654:01; 8,800 feet msl at 1655:03; and 8,600 feet msl at 1655:08. The last radar return was at 1655:12, at a mode C reported altitude of 7,300 feet msl.

At the time of the accident, three residents at the Oak Glen Conservation Camp reported that while walking to the dining hall, they heard the sound of an aircraft overhead. They said they could not see it because the clouds were too low. The Oak Glen Conservation Camp is based in the San Bernardino National Forest at an elevation of 5,500 feet. When they first noticed the sound of the aircraft, two of the witnesses described the sound as similar to a "fluid starved power steering pump - whining." The other witness described the sound as a continuous "real, real, real" sound. According to a Cessna representative, these sounds are consistent with the sound the accident airplane would make in a cruise climb. While the witnesses were commenting amongst themselves about what they had heard, the sound suddenly changed to a high-pitched rpm (revolutions per minute) sound that continued to increase in pitch. All three witnesses looked up to the right and saw the accident airplane coming out of the clouds almost straight down. The witnesses also described the weather as cold and drizzling rain, with reduced visibility due to the clouds. Within minutes after the accident, the witnesses said that the weather worsened and it started to sleet and snow.

Search and rescue personnel were notified, but before they could locate the accident site, the weather deteriorated in the intended search area. The search was suspended until the following morning.

Los Angeles Air Route Traffic Control Center (ZLA ARTCC) issued an alert notice (ALNOT) at 1937 on March 28, 2006. There was no Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) signal reported. The airplane wreckage was subsequently located the following morning about 0920 by personnel from the San Bernardino County Sheriff's Department search and rescue team. The wreckage was located about 3/4-mile north of the Oak Glen Conservation Camp. The elevation at the accident site was 6,073 feet.

PERSONNEL INFORMATION

LEFT SEAT PILOT-RSD Pilot

A review of Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) airman records revealed that the RSD pilot held a private pilot certificate with ratings for airplane single engine land, and instrument airplane.

The pilot, age 45, held a third-class medical certificate issued on July 19, 2005. It had no limitations or waivers.

No personal flight records were located for the pilot. The IIC obtained the aeronautical experience listed in this report from a review of the FAA airmen medical records on file in the Airman and Medical Records Center located in Oklahoma City. The pilot reported on his medical application that he had a total time of 2,300 hours.

RIGHT SEAT PILOT-CSM Pilot

A review of FAA airman records revealed that the CSM pilot held a commercial pilot certificate with ratings for airplane single engine sea, multiengine land, and instrument airplane, with private pilot privileges for single engine land.

The pilot, age 53, held a first-class medical certificate issued on December 19, 2005. It had the limitation that the pilot must wear corrective lenses.

An examination of the pilot's logbook indicated an estimated total flight time of 1,792 hours. He logged 48.3 hours in the last 90 days, and 15.1 in the last 30 days. He had an estimated 741.7 hours in this make and model. He completed a biennial flight review on September 9, 2004.

AIRCRAFT INFORMATION

The Cessna Aircraft Company owned the airplane, and the Cessna Aircraft Company, Air Transportation Department (ATD), operated the airplane as a marketing flight demonstrator.

The airplane was a Cessna Caravan 208B, serial number 208B1171, and received its airworthiness certificate on January 26, 2006.

Since the airplane's first flight, on January 13, 2006, there were five maintenance transaction record (MTR) entries for the airplane. An entry on January 16, 2006, (MTR, Book 1, Page 3) complied with Airworthiness Directive (AD) 2006-01-11; requiring the installation of a pilot assist handle, deicing boots on the cargo pod, landing gear fairings, and appropriate changes to the Pilot's Operating Handbook (POH). MTR, Book 1, Page 4 and 5 were not found. It is believed that pages 4 and 5 were completed by Yingling Aviation. According to Yingling's Quality Manager, Page 4 was for the Avionics installation, and page 5 had to do with the interior installation completed on February 17, 2006.

After the airplane had accumulated 33.2 hours, there was another entry on March 15, 2006, (MTR, Book 1 Page 6), which removed and replaced the Radar Altimeter, the Pitch Servo, and the Flap Actuator Assembly with new components. The last maintenance entry was on March 25, 2006, at 52.0 total hours; (MTR, Book 1, Page 7) this maintenance record showed compliance with the Icing Limitations AD, 2006-06-06, to place a ...