N123SD

HISTORY OF FLIGHTOn September 6, 2013, at 0809 mountain daylight time, an Ives SD-1 TG experimental amateur-built airplane, N123SD, departed controlled flight and impacted flat open terrain in a nose-low attitude about 1 mile west of the Spanish Fork Airport-Springville-Woodhouse Field (U77), Spanish Fork, Utah. The pilot operated the airplane under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91, as a test flight for the owner/builder of the airplane. The pilot, the sole occupant, was fatally injured; the airplane was destroyed. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the local area flight that departed U77 about 0805, and no flight plan had been filed.

According to the owner of the airplane, the accident flight was the fourth test flight. Ground crew members reported that the pilot arrived at the airport about 0645, and a preflight inspection was performed, with no discrepancies noted with the airplane. Three GoPro cameras were mounted to the airplane and to the pilot. The ground crew also reported that the pilot was flying the airplane in the traffic pattern at the time of the accident.

One of the ground crew reported that he did not personally witness the accident, but he stated that the other ground crew started shouting about the pilot performing barrel rolls, which he had never performed before. He further reported that the barrel rolls were not scheduled for the day's test flight.

Another one of the ground crew reported that the pilot performed one roll, and midway through the second roll, the ballistic parachute was deployed, almost immediately separating itself from the airframe. He stated that the airplane began to spin at a rapid rate until it impacted the ground.

The last ground crew member reported that the pilot had wanted to test G-limits of the airplane, perform a few stalls, and some touch-and-go takeoffs and landings. He stated that the pilot performed a few stalls to full recovery, and then proceeded to do one successful roll. As the pilot attempted to do a second roll, he lost control of the airplane. The parachute was pulled at a high rate of speed, detaching from the airplane.

Two of the ground crew reported that the pilot was equipped with a radio, but he had not made radio contact with them. PERSONNEL INFORMATIONThe pilot, age 40, held a commercial pilot certificate with ratings for airplane single-engine and multiengine land, and instrument airplane. He also held a certified flight instructor (CFI) certificate with ratings for airplane single-engine and multiengine land, and instrument airplane. The pilot was issued a second-class airman medical certificate on May 3, 2013; it had the limitation that the pilot must wear corrective lenses. At the time of his medical examination, the pilot reported a total time of 930 hours with 130 hours accrued in the last 6 months. The pilot's logbook was not located during the investigation. According to the airplane owner, the accident pilot had been their test pilot; the pilot had flown the airplane on each of its three previous test flights, accumulating about 3-4 hours of flight time. AIRCRAFT INFORMATIONThe single-seat, low-wing, fixed-gear, experimental amateur built Skycraft Airplane SD-1 Minisport (SD-1-TG), serial number USA00103, was issued a special airworthiness certificate on February 13, 2013. A Hirth F-23 LW engine, serial number 903429, powered the airplane. The airplane's operating limitations were dated February 16, 2013.

A review of the airplane logbook indicated that between August 2013, and September 5, 2013, the airplane and engine had accrued 5.16 hours of flight time. On August 24, following a flight test, which included stall characteristics, the airplane ground looped upon landing. The wing was repaired, and on August 31, the airplane underwent another test flight, which included spin and stall characteristics. The logbook entry indicated that the airplane was spin resistant.

The airplane came equipped with a ballistic parachute, Galaxy Rescue Systems (Galaxy Holding s.r.o.); the retaining cables had three anchoring points on the airplane. Two were located at the firewall/engine structure, and the third was located at the aft bulkhead. The parachute cables were attached per the kit specifications, and the activation handle was located on the right side just forward of the flap control. According to the maintenance manual, depending on the model, the main canopy is open and fully inflated between 50-60 feet, in the direction of firing, which is about 1.5-3.2 seconds after being activated. The owner/builder reported that operation testing for the ballistic parachute system was accomplished via computer modeling and information attained from the manufacturer.

According to the Pilot's Operating Handbook, under the Operating Limitations for the ballistic recovery system, parachute deployment was recommended to be done at the lowest airspeed possible, and not to exceed 150 miles per hour (mph), and it was recommended that the parachute not be deployed if the airplane becomes inadvertently inverted. The minimum deployment altitude was 210 feet. The airplane's never-exceed-speed was 131 mph. In addition, the Operating Limitations contained a warning that aerobatics and intentional spins were prohibited.

The instruction manual for assembly and use of the GRS (Galaxy Rescue System) stated in part that once the system has been activated, once the airplane starts to descend under the canopy to the ground, there may be some aircraft control available, assuming the control surfaces are intact (Part 8. Activation of the system in a hazardous situation page 21 section 8.2 After firing the system). Section 8.5 titled Possible emergency scenarios, identified a "fall into a spin from a low altitude" situation. It stated in part that if the airplane entered into a spin, the pilot should not try to control the spin, but should fire the GRS unit immediately. Another scenario was "pilot disorientation", where the section indicated that in the event of an incapacitation scenario, use of the GRS unit may be the only solution out of the incapacitation event. AIRPORT INFORMATIONThe single-seat, low-wing, fixed-gear, experimental amateur built Skycraft Airplane SD-1 Minisport (SD-1-TG), serial number USA00103, was issued a special airworthiness certificate on February 13, 2013. A Hirth F-23 LW engine, serial number 903429, powered the airplane. The airplane's operating limitations were dated February 16, 2013.

A review of the airplane logbook indicated that between August 2013, and September 5, 2013, the airplane and engine had accrued 5.16 hours of flight time. On August 24, following a flight test, which included stall characteristics, the airplane ground looped upon landing. The wing was repaired, and on August 31, the airplane underwent another test flight, which included spin and stall characteristics. The logbook entry indicated that the airplane was spin resistant.

The airplane came equipped with a ballistic parachute, Galaxy Rescue Systems (Galaxy Holding s.r.o.); the retaining cables had three anchoring points on the airplane. Two were located at the firewall/engine structure, and the third was located at the aft bulkhead. The parachute cables were attached per the kit specifications, and the activation handle was located on the right side just forward of the flap control. According to the maintenance manual, depending on the model, the main canopy is open and fully inflated between 50-60 feet, in the direction of firing, which is about 1.5-3.2 seconds after being activated. The owner/builder reported that operation testing for the ballistic parachute system was accomplished via computer modeling and information attained from the manufacturer.

According to the Pilot's Operating Handbook, under the Operating Limitations for the ballistic recovery system, parachute deployment was recommended to be done at the lowest airspeed possible, and not to exceed 150 miles per hour (mph), and it was recommended that the parachute not be deployed if the airplane becomes inadvertently inverted. The minimum deployment altitude was 210 feet. The airplane's never-exceed-speed was 131 mph. In addition, the Operating Limitations contained a warning that aerobatics and intentional spins were prohibited.

The instruction manual for assembly and use of the GRS (Galaxy Rescue System) stated in part that once the system has been activated, once the airplane starts to descend under the canopy to the ground, there may be some aircraft control available, assuming the control surfaces are intact (Part 8. Activation of the system in a hazardous situation page 21 section 8.2 After firing the system). Section 8.5 titled Possible emergency scenarios, identified a "fall into a spin from a low altitude" situation. It stated in part that if the airplane entered into a spin, the pilot should not try to control the spin, but should fire the GRS unit immediately. Another scenario was "pilot disorientation", where the section indicated that in the event of an incapacitation scenario, use of the GRS unit may be the only solution out of the incapacitation event. WRECKAGE AND IMPACT INFORMATIONThe airplane impacted an open field, with a debris field of about 200 feet. The entire airplane came to rest at the accident site; however, it was destroyed by impact forces. MEDICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL INFORMATIONA postmortem examination was conducted by the Utah Department of Health, office of the Medical Examiner. The cause of death was reported as total body blunt force injuries. The toxicology was positive for carboxyhemoglobin detected in the abdominal cavity blood (USL) 7.4 percent. Chlorpheniramine detected in cavity blood (FAA) 0.012 mg/L, as well as a positive detection in the liver.

The Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) Forensic Toxicology Research Team, Civil Aerospace Medical Institute, performed forensic toxicology on specimens from the pilot. ...